Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)
Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid) — the biologically active form of vitamin A that binds directly to retinoid receptors in the skin without needing conversion. Available by prescription in many regions, it is one of the most extensively studied topical ingredients for photoaging and acne.
Key points
- Tretinoin is retinoic acid itself, so it acts directly on skin cells rather than requiring conversion like retinol or retinal.
- It has decades of clinical research supporting its use for acne and signs of photoaging such as fine lines and uneven tone.
- It is a prescription medication in many countries and is used under professional guidance.
- An adjustment period with dryness, peeling, and irritation is common, and daily sunscreen is important during use.
Frequently asked
How is tretinoin different from retinol?
Tretinoin is already active retinoic acid, while retinol must be converted by the skin into that active form. This makes tretinoin more potent, and it is typically available only by prescription.
Why does tretinoin often cause peeling at first?
As it accelerates skin cell turnover, many users experience an adjustment phase of dryness and flaking known as retinization. This information is educational only and not medical advice; a clinician can guide appropriate use.
Related topics
This is a foundational entry in the SYNC Skin Encyclopedia and is expanded over time. Educational information only — not medical advice.
