Melasma
Melasma — a common form of hyperpigmentation that appears as symmetrical brown or grayish-brown patches, most often on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip, and bridge of the nose. It is driven by increased melanin production and is strongly linked to sun exposure and hormonal changes.
Key points
- Melasma is more common in women and often triggered by pregnancy, hormonal contraceptives, or hormone fluctuations.
- Sun exposure and visible light are major aggravating factors, making daily broad-spectrum sun protection essential.
- It tends to be chronic and recurring, and can be persistent even with treatment.
- Ingredients studied for melasma include vitamin C, niacinamide, and prescription options managed by a professional.
Frequently asked
What triggers melasma?
Melasma is commonly triggered by sun exposure and hormonal changes such as pregnancy or hormonal contraceptives, often on a background of genetic predisposition.
Why is sunscreen important for melasma?
Sun and visible light stimulate the pigment production that drives melasma, so consistent broad-spectrum protection is a key part of managing and preventing it from worsening.
Related topics
This is a foundational entry in the SYNC Skin Encyclopedia and is expanded over time. Educational information only — not medical advice.
