Encyclopedia
How Azelaic Acid Works
a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that works through several pathways at once, calming inflammation, normalizing the shedding of cells that clog pores, and gently interrupting excess pigment production. It is...
How Azelaic Acid Works
a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that works through several pathways at once, calming inflammation, normalizing the shedding of cells that clog pores, and gently interrupting excess pigment production. It is...
How Peptides Signal the Skin
short chains of amino acids that act as messengers, cueing skin cells to carry out processes such as producing collagen or calming certain signals. Because peptides are fragments of larger...
How Peptides Signal the Skin
short chains of amino acids that act as messengers, cueing skin cells to carry out processes such as producing collagen or calming certain signals. Because peptides are fragments of larger...
How PHAs Differ Mechanistically
polyhydroxy acids, such as gluconolactone and lactobionic acid, that exfoliate much like AHAs but carry larger molecules with multiple hydroxyl groups. Their bigger size means they penetrate the skin more...
How PHAs Differ Mechanistically
polyhydroxy acids, such as gluconolactone and lactobionic acid, that exfoliate much like AHAs but carry larger molecules with multiple hydroxyl groups. Their bigger size means they penetrate the skin more...
How BHAs Work in Pores
oil-soluble beta hydroxy acids, most commonly salicylic acid, that can penetrate through sebum and into the pore lining to loosen debris and dead cells. This oil affinity lets them exfoliate...
How BHAs Work in Pores
oil-soluble beta hydroxy acids, most commonly salicylic acid, that can penetrate through sebum and into the pore lining to loosen debris and dead cells. This oil affinity lets them exfoliate...
How AHAs Exfoliate
water-soluble alpha hydroxy acids, such as glycolic and lactic acid, that loosen the bonds holding dead cells together at the skin's surface so they shed more readily. By weakening these...
How AHAs Exfoliate
water-soluble alpha hydroxy acids, such as glycolic and lactic acid, that loosen the bonds holding dead cells together at the skin's surface so they shed more readily. By weakening these...
How Hyaluronic Acid Hydrates Skin
a naturally occurring humectant in the skin that can bind and hold a large volume of water relative to its weight, helping keep the surface plump and supple. Applied topically,...
How Hyaluronic Acid Hydrates Skin
a naturally occurring humectant in the skin that can bind and hold a large volume of water relative to its weight, helping keep the surface plump and supple. Applied topically,...
