Encyclopedia
Vitamin B5 (Panthenol)
the provitamin form of vitamin B5, known as panthenol, that converts to pantothenic acid in the skin and acts as a humectant to attract and hold moisture. It is widely...
Vitamin B5 (Panthenol)
the provitamin form of vitamin B5, known as panthenol, that converts to pantothenic acid in the skin and acts as a humectant to attract and hold moisture. It is widely...
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)
a fat-soluble antioxidant, commonly listed as tocopherol, that helps protect skin from free-radical damage while contributing to moisture and barrier support. It is frequently paired with vitamin C to enhance...
Vitamin E (Tocopherol)
a fat-soluble antioxidant, commonly listed as tocopherol, that helps protect skin from free-radical damage while contributing to moisture and barrier support. It is frequently paired with vitamin C to enhance...
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
a water-soluble form of vitamin B3 that supports the skin barrier, helps regulate oil, and is widely studied for improving the look of uneven tone, enlarged pores, and dullness. It...
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
a water-soluble form of vitamin B3 that supports the skin barrier, helps regulate oil, and is widely studied for improving the look of uneven tone, enlarged pores, and dullness. It...
Ethylated Ascorbic Acid
a stabilized vitamin C derivative, also known as 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid, in which an ethyl group is attached to ascorbic acid to improve stability while allowing conversion to active vitamin...
Ethylated Ascorbic Acid
a stabilized vitamin C derivative, also known as 3-O-ethyl ascorbic acid, in which an ethyl group is attached to ascorbic acid to improve stability while allowing conversion to active vitamin...
Ascorbyl Glucoside
a stable vitamin C derivative made by binding ascorbic acid to glucose, which the skin gradually breaks down to release active vitamin C for antioxidant and brightening effects. Its slow-release...
Ascorbyl Glucoside
a stable vitamin C derivative made by binding ascorbic acid to glucose, which the skin gradually breaks down to release active vitamin C for antioxidant and brightening effects. Its slow-release...
Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
an oil-soluble, highly stable vitamin C derivative that penetrates the skin's lipid layers well and converts to active ascorbic acid, delivering antioxidant and brightening benefits. It is often used in...
Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate
an oil-soluble, highly stable vitamin C derivative that penetrates the skin's lipid layers well and converts to active ascorbic acid, delivering antioxidant and brightening benefits. It is often used in...
